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M. PHIL DEGREE course IN BOTANY
Written Examination
(Effective from the academic year 2009 – 2010)
PAPER – I: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(Common Paper for ALL Candidates)
Unit-I
1. Research methodology – Scope, principles and significance
2. Design of Experiments: Types, principles and applications with suitable examples; replication, randomization, local control; randomized block design in detail.
3. Evaluation of experimental data: Measure of variability - Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, standard error, coefficient of variation; correlation, regression – correlation coefficient and regression coefficient; Chi-Square Test; Analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Unit-II
4. Buffers: Types, role in biological activity.
5. Microscopy: Principles, types, tools, applications and limitations – Optical and electron microscopes.
6. Microtomy and staining techniques to study the plant materials.
7. Cytochemical techniques: Principles and applications of Enzymecytochemical and Immunocytochemical techniques in structural and metabolic studies.
8. Histochemical methods for the qualitative study of nucleic acids.
9. Chromatography: Types, principles, Applications and Limitations; Paper, Thin layer and Column Chromatography Techniques; HPLC in detail.
10. Electrophoresis: Types, Principles, Applications and Limitations; SDS - PAGE in detail.
11. Spectroscopy: Principles and applications of Colorimetry and UV-VIS spectrophotometry.
12. Centrifugation: Types, Principles and Applications; Differential, Density Gradient and Analytical Centrifugation Techniques.
Unit-IV
13. Tracer techniques: Principle and Application of Radioisotopes; Haif-life, units, Identification and Measurement of Radioactivity; Autoradiography in detail.
14. Methods of Extraction, Identification and Bioassay of Plant hormones – Auxins, Gibberellins, Cyokinins, Ethylene and Abscissic acid.
15. Microbial and Plant tissue culture techniques: Culture media, Equipment, Culturing Techniques and Applications.
Suggested
- Aneja, K. R. 1996. Experiments in Microbiology, Plant Pathology, Tissue Culture and Mushroom Cultivation, Wishwa Prakashan,
- Blair, E. J. 1962.Introduction to Chemical Instrumentation, Mc – Graw Hill Company.
- Dryer, R.L. and Lata, G.G. 1989. Experimental Biochemistry,
- Galen,.w.
- Gamborg, O. L. & Philips, G. C. (Eds.) 1995. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. Fundamental Methods. Narosa Publishing House,
- Gupta, S. P. 2005. Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand Publications,
- Harborne, J. B. 1981. Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. Chapman & Hall,
- Kothari, C. R. 2005. (2nd Ed.) Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques, Wishwa Prakashan,
- Markham, K. R. 1982. Techniques of Flavonoid Identification. Acad. Press,
- Sass, J. E . 1965. Botanical Microtechnique,
- Sawhney, S. K. & Randhir Singh, 2000. Introductory Practical Biochemistry, Narosa Publishing House,
- Singh, V. P. & Purohit, S. 2003. Research Methodology in Plant Sciences, Scientific Publishers,
- Plummer, D.T. 1988. An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.,
- Prasad & Prasad, 1972. Outlines of Botanical Microtechnique, Emkay Publishers,
- Razdan, M. K. 1994. An Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.
- Reinert, J. and Yoeman, M. M.1982. Plant Cell and Tissue Culture: A Laboratory Manual.Springer – Verlog.
- Scott R.P.W. 1995. Techniques and Practice of Chromatography. Marcel Dekker, Inc.,
- Wilson, K. and Goulding, K.H. (Eds.). 1986. A Biologists guide to principles and techniques of practical biochemistry. Edward Arnold,
- Wilson, K. and Walker, J. 1994. Practical Biochemistry: Principles and Techniques, (4th Ed.).
M. Phil Degree (Written) Examination
Paper – I: Research Methodology (Common for all candidates)
(Effective from the Academic year 2010-2011)
Time: 3 hrs Maximum Marks: 100
Answer any FIVE main questions with at least one from each unit of the following
All questions carry EQUAL marks
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: The Paper Setter is requested to frame EIGHT main questions representing:
E TWO from EACH UNIT of the prescribed syllabus
E SIX essay type (which carry 20 or 10 marks each) and the other TWO with short answer type questions which carry 05 marks each in the following pattern:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIT - I:
1. Essay type (20 Marks)
2. Short answer type
a) (05 Marks)
b) (05 Marks)
c) (05 Marks)
d) (05 Marks)
UNIT - II:
3. Essay type (20 Marks)
4. Essay type
a) (10 Marks)
b) (10 Marks)
UNIT - III:
5. Essay type (20 Marks)
6. Essay type
a) (10 Marks
b) (10 Marks)
UNIT - IV:
7. Essay type (20 Marks)
8. Short answer type
a) (05 Marks)
b) (05 Marks)
c) (05 Marks)
d) (05 Marks)
Model Question Paper
M. Phil Degree (Written) Examination
Paper – I: Research Methodology (Common for all candidates)
(Effective from the Academic year 2010-2011)
Time: 3 hrs Maximum Marks: 100
Answer any FIVE questions with at least one from each unit
All questions carry EQUAL marks
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: The Paper Setter is requested to frame EIGHT questions representing:
E TWO from EACH UNIT of the prescribed syllabus
E SIX essay type (which carry 1 X 20 or 2 X 10 marks ) and TWO short answer type with 4 X 5 marks in the following pattern:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIT - I:
1. Essay type (20 M)
2. Short answer type (4 X 5 = 20M)
a)
b)
c)
d)
UNIT - II:
3. Essay type (20 M)
4. Essay type (2 x 10 = 20M)
a)
b)
UNIT - III:
5. Essay type (20M)
6. Essay type (2 x 10 = 20M)
a)
b)
UNIT - IV:
7. Essay type (20 M)
8. Short answer type (4 x 5 = 20M)
a)
b)
c)
d)
